National Biodiversity Authority Funding Overview

Article Summary

Exam-Focused Notes on National Biodiversity Authority Funding and ABS Framework

Funding Overview

Amount Received: ₹21.26 crore in FY 2025-26 under Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) framework.
Purpose of Funding: Research, commercial use, intellectual property rights, biological surveys, and sustainable use of biological resources.

Sector Contributions

Seed Sector: ₹11.75 crore (highest contributor).
- Key Contributors: Nunhems India Pvt. Ltd., East West Seeds India Pvt. Ltd., Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Nongwoo Seed India Pvt. Ltd., BASF India Pvt. Ltd.
Ayush Sector: ₹5.56 crore.
- Key Contributors: Himalayan Wellness Company, Organic India Pvt. Ltd., Natural Remedies.
Other Sectors:
- Nutraceuticals: ₹1.40 crore.
- Pharmaceuticals: ₹1.18 crore.
- Additional contributions from biotechnology, cosmetics, chemicals, biofuels, and food & beverages.

Utilized Biological Resources

Approximately 300 biological resources utilized, including:
- Crops: Maize, rice, turmeric, amla, mustard, bitter gourd.
- Medicinals: Kalmegh, cardamom, basil, guggul gum, neem leaves, Garcinia, ashwagandha, black pepper, cloves.

Historical Funding Data

Total ABS Fund Received: ₹266 crore to date.
Amount Distributed: ₹145 crore to beneficiaries across India.

Legislative and Policy Framework

Biodiversity Act: Establishes the ABS system ensuring fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of biological resources.
Objectives:
- Supports biodiversity conservation.
- Promotes sustainable use of biological resources.
- Enhances livelihoods at the grassroots level.

International Commitments

Nagoya Protocol: India’s commitment to the protocol on access and benefit-sharing.
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) 2024-2030: Aligns with Goal 13 of NBSAP, promoting sustainable economic growth alongside biodiversity conservation.

Economic Implications

The increasing contribution from various sectors indicates a synergy between economic development and biodiversity conservation, promoting a sustainable and inclusive future for India.

Conclusion

The funding and contributions under the ABS mechanism reflect the growing role of industry in biodiversity governance, supporting both ecological and economic objectives in alignment with national and international biodiversity commitments.

Key Terms & Concepts

National Biodiversity Authority	Received ABS funding
21.26 crore INR	Total funding received
2025-26	Financial year of funding
ABS mechanism	Benefit-sharing framework
266 crore INR	Total ABS fund collected
145 crore INR	Distributed to beneficiaries
Nagoya Protocol	International biodiversity agreement
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2024-2030	Biodiversity management framework
Seed sector	Major contributor
Ayush sector	Significant contributor
Nutraceuticals sector	Financial contributor
Pharmaceuticals sector	Financial contributor
Himalaya Wellness

Article Summary

Exam-Focused Notes on National Biodiversity Authority Funding and ABS Framework

Funding Overview

Amount Received: ₹21.26 crore in FY 2025-26 under Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) framework.
Purpose of Funding: Research, commercial use, intellectual property rights, biological surveys, and sustainable use of biological resources.

Sector Contributions

Seed Sector: ₹11.75 crore (highest contributor).
- Key Contributors: Nunhems India Pvt. Ltd., East West Seeds India Pvt. Ltd., Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Nongwoo Seed India Pvt. Ltd., BASF India Pvt. Ltd.
Ayush Sector: ₹5.56 crore.
- Key Contributors: Himalayan Wellness Company, Organic India Pvt. Ltd., Natural Remedies.
Other Sectors:
- Nutraceuticals: ₹1.40 crore.
- Pharmaceuticals: ₹1.18 crore.
- Additional contributions from biotechnology, cosmetics, chemicals, biofuels, and food & beverages.

Utilized Biological Resources

Approximately 300 biological resources utilized, including:
- Crops: Maize, rice, turmeric, amla, mustard, bitter gourd.
- Medicinals: Kalmegh, cardamom, basil, guggul gum, neem leaves, Garcinia, ashwagandha, black pepper, cloves.

Historical Funding Data

Total ABS Fund Received: ₹266 crore to date.
Amount Distributed: ₹145 crore to beneficiaries across India.

Legislative and Policy Framework

Biodiversity Act: Establishes the ABS system ensuring fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of biological resources.
Objectives:
- Supports biodiversity conservation.
- Promotes sustainable use of biological resources.
- Enhances livelihoods at the grassroots level.

International Commitments

Nagoya Protocol: India’s commitment to the protocol on access and benefit-sharing.
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) 2024-2030: Aligns with Goal 13 of NBSAP, promoting sustainable economic growth alongside biodiversity conservation.

Economic Implications

The increasing contribution from various sectors indicates a synergy between economic development and biodiversity conservation, promoting a sustainable and inclusive future for India.

Conclusion

The funding and contributions under the ABS mechanism reflect the growing role of industry in biodiversity governance, supporting both ecological and economic objectives in alignment with national and international biodiversity commitments.

Key Terms & Concepts

National Biodiversity Authority	Received ABS funding
21.26 crore INR	Total funding received
2025-26	Financial year of funding
ABS mechanism	Benefit-sharing framework
266 crore INR	Total ABS fund collected
145 crore INR	Distributed to beneficiaries
Nagoya Protocol	International biodiversity agreement
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2024-2030	Biodiversity management framework
Seed sector	Major contributor
Ayush sector	Significant contributor
Nutraceuticals sector	Financial contributor
Pharmaceuticals sector	Financial contributor
Himalaya Wellness

Climate Change Impact: Rising temperatures and drier summers are negatively impacting the growth and production of truffles, particularly in Italy's Piedmont region. This phenomenon is also observed in other agricultural products such as cocoa, coffee, and vanilla.
Historical Context of Food Extinction:
- Passenger Pigeon: Once abundant in North America, the species was hunted to extinction, with the last individual dying in captivity in 1914.
- Silphium: A herb favored by the Romans, it was so extensively consumed that it went extinct in the 1st or 2nd century CE.
Changing Agricultural Patterns:
- In regions like Bordeaux (France) and Tuscany (Italy), warmer climates lead to early ripening of grapes, affecting wine flavor profiles.
Geographic Shift in Truffle Production:
- Scotland is experiencing suitable conditions for truffle growth, offering a potential substitute for traditional Italian truffles as climate change constrains production in Southern Europe.
Biodiversity and Sustainable Practices: The situation underscores the importance of biodiversity in food production and the need for sustainable agricultural practices in the face of climate change.
Policy Implications: The loss of biodiversity affects food security and necessitates policies aimed at climate adaptation and the preservation of agricultural heritage.
International Agreements: Actions in response to climate change can be guided by international treaties such as the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global warming and mitigate its impacts on ecosystems and agriculture.
Science and Technology: Innovations in agricultural science may provide new methods for cultivating truffles or other crops under changing climatic conditions, promoting resilience in food systems.

These points highlight the interconnectedness of climate change, agricultural productivity, and historical precedents in food species extinction, marking significant themes for environmental sustainability discussions.

Summary of Scientific Papers on Butterfly Monitoring and Climate Change

Key Findings and Insights

Shifts in Butterfly Populations:
- Three scientific papers suggest significant shifts in butterfly populations globally, indicating declining numbers in many regions.
- Major shifts are correlated with climate change and habitat loss.
Research Data:
- Over 1,758 butterfly species across 105 countries were analyzed, representing slightly less than 10% of all known species.
- Most species (80%) are expanding their ranges, primarily in tropical countries, but significant declines observed in North America and Europe.
Statistical Overview:
- The Conservation Letters paper, using data from over 45,000 monitoring time series, reported a 24% average decline in butterfly populations since 1995.
- Data underrepresentation in tropical regions indicates uncertainty in trend estimates for these rich biodiversity areas.

Reports Overview

"Extensive Climate-Induced Range Shifts in Butterflies Across the Globe":
- Focus on climate change impacts on butterfly ranges.
- Conducted by Shawan Chowdhury and Krushnamegh Kunte.
"A Framework for the Strategic Conservation of Tropical Insects" & "Addressing Gaps in Butterfly Population Monitoring":
- Emphasize the need for substantial monitoring in tropical regions.
- Highlight the importance of integrating citizen science into systematic data collection.

Global Context

Monitoring Efforts:
- The Indian Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (iBMS), launched in 2021, aims to systematically monitor butterfly populations in India.
- iBMS is highlighted as a significant step towards addressing data deficiencies in tropical regions.
International Commitments:
- India has signed on to global biodiversity conservation targets; effective monitoring is essential to assess conservation actions' effectiveness.

Recommendations

Expand Standardized Monitoring:
- Urgent need for more comprehensive butterfly monitoring in tropical regions to substantiate conservation actions.
Integrate Evidence into Conservation Planning:
- Research advocates for structured integration of monitoring data into conservation strategies and protected area designs.

Implications for Conservation

Butterfly monitoring is posited as essential, especially for developing nations.
The proactive approach will position India as a leader in tropical butterfly conservation and management, showcasing methodologies that can be emulated globally.

This summary underscores the pressing need for improved monitoring and conservation of butterfly populations in the face of climate change, with a strong emphasis on the role of citizen science and strategic planning in biodiversity preservation.

National Biodiversity Authority Funding Overview

Article Summary

Exam-Focused Notes on National Biodiversity Authority Funding and ABS Framework

Funding Overview

Sector Contributions

Utilized Biological Resources

Historical Funding Data

Legislative and Policy Framework

International Commitments

Economic Implications

Conclusion

Key Terms & Concepts

Mind Map for UPSC Civil Services Revision

Related UPSC Civil Services Current Affairs Articles

Critical Decline of Coral Reef Ecosystems

News Summary on Coral Reefs and Marine Ecosystems

National Biodiversity Authority Funding Overview

Article Summary

Exam-Focused Notes on National Biodiversity Authority Funding and ABS Framework

Funding Overview

Sector Contributions

Utilized Biological Resources

Historical Funding Data

Legislative and Policy Framework

International Commitments

Economic Implications

Conclusion

Key Terms & Concepts

Mind Map for UPSC Civil Services Revision

Related UPSC Civil Services Current Affairs Articles

Critical Decline of Coral Reef Ecosystems

News Summary on Coral Reefs and Marine Ecosystems

Conclusion

Impact of Climate on Truffle Production

Butterflies Facing Climate Change Challenges

Summary of Scientific Papers on Butterfly Monitoring and Climate Change

Key Findings and Insights

Reports Overview

Global Context

Recommendations

Implications for Conservation

Greater Flamingos Spotted at Veeranam Lake

Summary of Findings on Greater Flamingos in Veeranam Lake

Key Facts:

Contextual Information:

Factors Influencing Altered Migration:

Research Insights:

Future Monitoring Requirements:

Implications: